السبت، 19 سبتمبر 2015

Table of contents


Table of contents
       I.             
Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………………
    II.             
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………
 III.             
Table of contents…………………………………………………………………….
 IV.             
List of figures ………………………………………………………………………..
    V.             
List of  tables…………………………………………………………………………


Chapter 1 / General Introduction
2
1.1.   Background…………………………………………………………………
3
1.2.   Study limits………………………………………………………………….
3
1.3.   Problem statement ………………………………………………………….
4
1.4.   Hypothesis  …………………………………………………………………
4
1.5.   Study objectives …………………………………………………………… 
4
1.6.   The importance of the research…………………………………………….
5
1.7.   Research questions…………………………………………………………
6
1.8.   Study methodology………………………………………………………… 
7
1.9.   Previous studies…………………………………………………………….   
10
      1.10 Study outline……………………………………………………………….  


Chapter 2 / Childhood and Children Situation in Gaza Strip
13
2.1  Introduction…………………………………………………………………
13
2.2  Childhood definition………………………………………………………..
14
2.3  Stages of childhood growth………………………………………………...
14
2.3.1    Early childhood …………………………………………………….
15
2.3.2    Middle childhood…………………………………………………..
15
2.3.3        Adolescence ….…………………………………………………….
16
2.4  The importance of early childhood…………………………………………
16
2.4.1 The importance of early education…………………………………..
17
2.4.2 The importance of play for  kindergartens'  children………………
17
2.5  Prosperities and characteristics of early childhood…………………………
19
2.6  The requirements and needs of early childhood……………………………
19
2.6.1        Basic needs …………………………………………………………
20
2.6.2        Developmental needs……………………………………………….
21
2.7  Children rights……………………………………………………………...
21
2.7.1        Definitions of children's rights…………………………………………
22
2.7.2        Types of rights………………………………………………………….
22
2.7.3        Education rights………………………………………………………..
22
2.8  Children situations in Gaza strip………………………………………………
21
2.8.1        Demographic situations……………………………………………….
24
2.8.2        Health situation……………………………………………………….. 
26
2.8.3        Educational situation………………………………………………….
28
2.8.4        Social and economic situation………………………………………..
29
2.8.5        Children situations during the Israeli occupation……………………
33
2.9  Conclusion…………………………………………………………………..


Chapter 3 / Kindergartens and their Situations in Gaza Strip
35
3.1  Introduction…………………………………………………………………
35
3.2  Definition of kindergarten………………………………………………….
35
3.3  History of kindergartens…………………………………………………...
36
3.4  The importance and purpose of  kindergartens…………………………..
37
3.5  Activities in kindergartens…………………………………………………
38
3.6  Kindergartens situation in Gaza strip……………………………………..
38
3.6.1 Evolution of kindergartens in Gaza strip…………………………...
40
3.6.2 Physical situation ……………………………………………………
40
3.6.3 Kindergartens indicators In Gaza strip……………………………..
42
3.7  Conclusion …………………………………………………………………



Chapter 4 / The Role of Architectural Design in Improving the Kindergarten's  Environment

44
4.1          Introduction…………………………………………………………………….

44
4.2          Elements of kindergarten environment……………………………………….

45
4.2.1 Interior  environment …………………………………………………….

46
4.2.2 Exterior environment……………………………………………………..

48
4.3          The impact of the kindergarten's  environment on children behavior …….…..

49
4.4          Standards and considerations  for kindergartens ………………………………

49
4.4.1 Urban planning considerations ………………………………………….

49
4.4.1.1 Site Selection…………………………………………………..

50
4.4.1.2 Site planning Considerations………………………………….

53
4.4.2    Architectural design considerations…………………………………...

53
4.4.2.1 Spaces design in kindergarten…………………………………

59
4.4.2.2 Finishes and Furnishings……………………………………….

62
4.4.2.3 Safety and Security……………………………………………..

63
4.4.2.4 Technical considerations……………………………………….

65
4.4.3    landscape considerations  of  kindergartens……………………………

65
4.4.3.1  landscape elements…………………………………………….

66
4.4.3.2  Playgrounds for kindergartens ………………………………..

69
4.4.4    Considerations for disabled children in kindergartens…………………

72
4.5          Case study - Valeska Hinton kindergarten in Peoria……………………………

76
4.6          Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………..

Chapter 5 / Assessment of the Architectural Situations of Kindergartens in Gaza Strip

78
5.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………….

78
5.2 Study background…………………………………………………………………

78
5.2.1 The need of ideal kindergartens in Gaza strip………………………….

80
5.2.2 Justifications of assessment study ……………………………………….

80
5.3 The objectives of the evaluation study…………………………………………….

80
5.4 Study procedure and mythology………………………………………………….

80
5.4.1 Sample selection and data collection……………………………………

81
5.4.2 Data analysis…………………………………………………………….

81
5.4.3 Obstacles and difficulties………………………………………………..

81
5.4.4 Questionnaire description and outputs analysis …………………………

83
5.5 Findings and outputs ……………………………………………………………….

83
5.5.1  General information about kindergartens………………………………

86
5.5.2  Site plan of kindergarten ……………………………………………….

90
5.5.3  General design of kindergarten………………………………………...

95
5.5.4  Architectural spaces……………………………………………………...

98
5.5.5  Outdoor spaces………………………………………………………….

101
5.5.6  Finishing and furnishing………………………………………………

113
5.6 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………







Chapter 6 / Kindergartens  Analytical Study

6.1 Introduction………………………………………………………………………..
111
6.2 local analytical study at Al-sheik Ridwan neighborhood …………………………
111
6.2.1 Study background………………………………………………………..
111
6.2.2 Study objectives………………………………………………………….
112
6.2.3 Study procedures…………………………………………………………
112
6.2.4 Difficulties and obstacles ………………………………………………
120
6.2.5 Field study for selected kindergartens …………………………………
120
6.2.6 Findings and outcomes …………………………………………………..
131
6.3 The license terms of kindergartens in Gaza strip………………………………….
132
6.3.1Specifications of kindergartens building………………………………….
132
6.3.2 Kindergartens requirements to be licensed ………………………………
133
6.4 Comparison study between the selected kindergartens ……………………………
138
6.5 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………….
138


Chapter 7 / Proposals and Recommendations
140
7.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………
140
7.2 proposals for renovations and design improvement……………………………….
151
7.3 Study conclusions…………………………………………………………………..
152
7.4 Recommendations ………………………………………………………………….
154
7.5 References ………………………………………………………………………….
158
7.6 Appendix…………………………………………………………………………...